Paradise Lost

Topic: Paradise Lost

Name: Rabhadiya Vinod

Roll No -37

Sem -1

Year-1

Submitted To :Smt.S.B.Gardi

Department Of English

“Paradise Lost “

v  Life and works of John Milton

John Milton was born on December 9, 1608 in London. His father’s family disowned his father. When he converted from Catholicism Protestantism. After completing his study in Italy, Florencesiena and Rome. He returned to his home in 1639 .His one of the master piece ‘Paradise Lost’ was published in 1667.He also got admiring comments of respected poets John Dryden and Andrew Marvell. He died at home on November 8 ,1674.

v  Themes In Paradise Lost

Milton religious aspects reflect the time in which he lived and the church to which he belonged. He was not really orthodox but he was devout in his ideas and views. His major purpose or theme in ‘Paradise Lost’ is easy to see by saying that “of man’s first disobedience .He justify the ways of God to men. There are three parts (1) Disobedience (2) Eternal providence (3) Justification of god to men.

                                                        Milton’s idea of justification is not as arrogant. Milton used the word justification showing that action of the God when someone presumptuous themselves and dealing with any deity .Milton wants to show the fall death and salvation are all acts of a just God.

v  Obedience made by the god

Milton arranged the whole as with heaven at the top, hell at the bottom and the earth in between is a hierarchical place. We can see in Milton’s paradise lost that god seats on the throne at the top of heaven and angel are arranged in groups according to their proximity to god but in Hell Satan seats on a throne than other demons.

                    The proper way of the world was than other inferiors must to obey superiors because if a king was king not because he was chosen but because he was superiors to his subjects.

In “Paradise Lost” God places one prohibition on Adam and Eve not to eat the fruit form the knowledge of the tree. The matter is not eating a fruit but it was the major disobedience of both these. They disobedience the God’s actions and rules. The universe had to require not to disobedience of both their superiors and God’s rule. Adam and Eve bring calamity to their lives and all of mankind’s lives.

                                         Eve argues with Adam about whether they should work together or not and Adam gives in to her. The problems lies here with both humans. Adam should not give authority to his inferior Eve.

                                         Eve eats the fruit and also gives to Adam to eat from Milton’s point of view it is wrong because to disobedience of God and that’s why they both brought sin and death into the world.

v  Justification of ways of God to Man

Death must come into the world but the son steps forward to defeat death. Through the sun God is trying to give justice with mercy, grace and salvation Eva and Adam’s matter of love and disobeyed God mercy and grace and salvation this the sign of their fall and this produces a new higher love from God to man.

v  Milton’s grand style of writing

Milton’s style was generally criticized by T.S Eliot in modern times saying that “ A note on the verse of John Milton (march 12-18). Eliot added “Milton’s poetry could only be an general criticism of T.S. Eliot is that Milton’s style is so difficult to accomplish and so complicated to understand.

                           C.S. Lewis in his work a preface to Paradise Lost and Christopher Ricks in Milton’s grand style both. Lewis in particular argued that Milton needed this particular style for a “secondary Epic ” his term for an epic meant to be read rather than the primary epic. Both Lewis and Ricks gives numerous examples to show Milton’ grand style certainly aside from Shakespeare no other writer in English could manipulate the language as Milton did.

                         “A summer’s day and with the setting sun

                          Dropt from the Zenith like a falling star (1742-74)

v  Various characters in Milton

v  God : The omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent creator of the world. He seats at the highest point of heaven, throne. God creates man (Adam) and him free will he also provides his son and suffers death that shows that goodness will completely defeat evil.

v  son: The Godhead is made up of God the father God the son and god the holy spirit. Milton presents son as a creation but he also sacrifice to Death as a way to save Man after the fall. The son also defeats the rebellious angels and caste them in to Hell.

v  Adam :  The first human crated by God from the dust of earth. Adam eats fruit of knowledge and will go to hell because of not follow God’s commands. He loves Eve.

v  Eve : Eve is the first woman created by god from Adam’s rib as a companion for him. First Eve eats the fruit of knowledge and get claim because overcoming Satan’s over her.

v  Satan : Before his rebellion, he was known as Lucifer and was second only to God. He succeeds in bringing Adam and Eve fall into punishment. He became a serpent.

v  Sin: The daughter of Satan

v  Death: Death is Satan’s son and grand son. God says that both of them will be sealed in Hell after judgment day.

v  Beelzebub: The devil second in rank to Satan. His name the term of  “lord of the flies in the Bible.

v  Belial: In the Bible , Belial is synonym for devil or an adjective meaning wickedness or destruction.

v  Mammon: In the Bible he presented as a king but in Paradise Lost, he is called the “ Least erected “

v  Moloch: He argues at the council for total war against God.

v  Mulciber:  Fallen angel who is the chief architect for pandemonium.

v  Michael:  He is loyal to God. He helps Adam by the story of biblical history of the world through the birth of Jesus.

v  Raphel: Raphel was angel of man. He sent to earth to warn Adam and Eve not to Disobedience of God.

v  Garbriel: In the Paradise Lost he is the angel who guards the gate of Eden.

v  Abdiel: Host of Satan who plans to rebel and returns to God.

v  Zephron:  An assist Garbriel in guarding eden.

v  Ithuriel: He caputure satan whispering in Eve’s ear.

v  Urania :   Milton transforms her into Christian inspiration or the holy spirit.

v  Uriel: One of the seven archangels. He is tricked by Satan disguised as a cherub.

v  Arguments by Milton

                                                    Milton Paradise Lost is argued by many readers. His several books begin with a prologue and his book no 1 Milton purpose is to tell about the fall of man and justify God’s ways to man”

                                                   We can see in Milton’s grand style poem that god has created the whole world. As we see  that God has created human beings (angels) and the other side Evils also. He created this type of way to teach the ways of God to man. God created two characters of Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden other creating by God is Satan. He compasses the earth with meditated guile returns as a mist by night into Paradise Lost enters into Serpent.

                                            Now creation by God of Adam and Eve. They don’t know about what is wrong and what is right in the garden of Eden. At that time Satan enters and he just finds Eve alone so he gazing and then speaking with her. He tells about the secret of the tree of the knowledge. First Eve denies but then Satan trapped her into his planning and that’s  way Eve eats the fruit of knowledge and also gives it to Adam to eat. Adam also eats this fruit. Having eaten this fruit the two are overcoming with romantic atmosphere with lust and run away in to the wood to make love . They both are necked and clothe less .When they realized they first started fighting and then they felling shame and guilt.

            They blame each other. Now they know that they make sin and they are sinner so they shoud be ready for their punishment which will be given by the God to them.

    Sin and death meanwhile have sensed an opportunity on earth. They construct a huge causeway from Hell to Earth. On their way, they meet Satan returning to Hell. They proceed to earth while Satan enters Hell in disguise Satan appears on his throne.

            Many questions arise in our mind that god knew everything that what will happen. In spite of all the knowledge about everything how can God could be created the Evils. Milton had faced many difficulties and tensions of creating such things. Milton approaches the problem of God’s comments on scenes and actions, he explain what will happen and why, he gives the philosophical/theological basis for ideas like free will, but he does not truly participate in the action.

                       Eve and Adam have punished to go earth and work like human beings. They are made of dust and one day they will mix their selves into the dust after death. So God’s punishment is that they will arise by dust and will died into dust.

                       Adam and Eve they love each other but one mistake by they take them a different world where they were never Eve doesn’t know about planning and formation of Satan towards her Satan got success in his plan by eating fruit of knowledge of the tree. This way they became sinner and fall into the earth but the other side Eve tells that it was her fault only there is no any guilt or sin is done by Adam if God wants to gave punishment then he must give only her. This shows the great love of Eve to Adam.

Milton created the whole epic “ The Paradise Lost” with arguments sin, punishment, love, etc. Milton beautifully created the universal of god of Bible Genesis. 1^st chapter of Bible. Here also Milton uses the word of “ Fall” from human beings.

Milton shows examples after example of people who ignore the responsibilities they have try to either raise themselves above God or disobey God’s commands. The result is always the same –destruction. Here Milton try to show that how when God became anger and take forwarding steps against those who have broken their rules and regulations. Milton shows the punishment of God to Eve and Adam and shows the justification of ways of God to Man.

This idea of Milton that- the sacrifice of the son which overcomes Death gives man the chance to achieve salvation even though , through the sin of Adam and Eve all men are sinful. As Adam says

                  “ o goodness infinite goodness immense/that all this good of evil shall produce/ And evil turn             to good “

Thought about this Adam loved Eve much. Adam tells Raphel that Eve’s beauty affects him so much “that what she wills to do or say / seems wisest ,virtuosest , discreetest best/ All higher knowledge in her presence falls / Degraded” . This shows that in what a way Adam loves Eve but the situations are now different.

v  Compare and contrast the character of Adam and Eve created by John Milton

By the creation of God Adam and Eve live together in the garden of Eden. They don’t know about the tree of knowledge.

      Adam is a strong, intelligent and rational character. In fact, before the fall , he is as perfect as a human being can be. He understand his ideas and views , he also know that what is good or not . But he loves eve a lot. After fall his conversation with Michael during his visions is significantly one sided. He also ate the fruit of knowledge given by Eve.

     Eve is a sinner character she is a created by Adam’s rib. She is beautiful , wise, and able. She is superior to Adam only in her beauty but the Satan as the serpent will use her innocentness and fall her into guilt.

   Milton is quick to note, however.

   “ yet went she not as not with such discourse delighted , or not capable of her ear of what was high ,such pleasure she reserved.”

The fall of man ,then ,turns evil into good and that fact shows the justice the ways of God’s actions or in Milton’s terms “ justifies the ways of God to Men.”

   Many questions are arising in our mind that if the God know everything about what will happen then why he created good human beings against Evil. Somewhere we think that God also responsible for this thing happened by Adam and Eve. It the God also become sinner in one or other way. His making of stepparent , sending him to Eden garden whispering talk with Eve trapping into plan created by satan these whole things the God knows verywell then how he creates evil if they make mistake then Eve and Adam are the common and innocent human beings.

v  Milton’s reality and seeds of imperfect world by God

                             The purpose of any of the religious book to teach ways of God to Men. What is man and God repetition and why do people suffer, why there is pain in life of human beings. If god has created the world why he created evil also it was also a god mistake. If God has created the world why he created imperfect world Evil.  God has tp play minimum role to play in his life . In reality there is nothing but their creations of their own.

                    Here we can see that how Milton creates entire things and what was his ideas towards his epic. How does God deals with human beings where been he can care human beings or not. God is perfect he knows everything he makes the perfect world then why he creates the evil? There is something which is not controlled by God also. The question is that why evil was not controlled by God? Why we can see imperfect world? These all show that at that time Evil are not controlled by God also “ God is good ,God is judge god never makes any error”

     God is not perfect at that time also otherwise the Evils can’t enters into perfect world. God makes mistake by making evils. So we are the Adam and Eve sinner? They don’t know about the fruit and ate by planning of serperent to trap  both of them. Eve ate fruit because of Satan overcoming talks and Adam ate this fruit because of he loves Eve. So this that they are sinners then why should God not ? Who make evils ?